Sometimes, people who see a crime remember it wrong. Our brains can play tricks on us, leading to the wrong person getting blamed!
We must be 100% sure before solving a case. We need evidence that cannot lie. That's where science comes to the rescue.
DNA is unique to every single person! It acts like an invisible barcode left behind. It helps us find the truth fairly and accurately.
Find the hidden DNA clues! Remember to use your virtual tweezers and gloves to avoid contamination (mixing your DNA with the evidence).
Imagine a giant instruction manual that tells your body exactly how to build YOU. That’s DNA (Deoxyribonucleic Acid)!
Almost every cell in your body has a copy of this manual. Because everyone's manual has slightly different spelling, forensic scientists can read it to identify exactly who was at a crime scene.
Sometimes, we only find a tiny microscopic piece of DNA. It's too small to read! We use Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) to copy it millions of times.
Click the button to heat and cool the DNA, doubling it every cycle!
Now we have enough DNA. We cut it into pieces using special "chemical scissors". To see the pieces, we put them in a jelly (Gel Electrophoresis) and turn on the electricity!
Why? DNA has a negative charge, so it swims toward the positive side. Small fragments are faster and win the race!
The gel creates a unique barcode for each person. Compare the Crime Scene DNA to our suspects!
Costs: PCR machines and chemicals are very expensive. Scientists need years of costly training.
Savings: Solving crimes instantly saves the government millions in long, drawn-out court trials and police hours!
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